,,am}ican ,,hi/orical ,,docu;ts ,,l9coln's ,,f/ ,,9augural ,,a4ress 7#ahfa7 ,fell{-citiz5s (! ,unit$ ,/ates3 ,9 -pli.e )a cu/om z old z ! ,gov}n;t xf1 ,i appe> 2f y 6a4ress y briefly1 & 6take 9 yr pres;e ! oa? prescrib$ 0! ,3/itu;n (! ,unit$ ,/ates 6be tak5 0! ,presid5t 82f he 5t}s on ! execu;n ( 8 (fice40 ,i d n 3sid} x nec at pres5t = me 64cuss ~? matt}s ( adm9i/r,n ab : "! is no special anxiety or excite;t4 ,appreh5.n seems 6exi/ am;g ! p (! ,s|!rn ,/ates t 0! a3es.n (a ,republican ,adm9i/r,n _! prop}ty & _! p1ce & p}sonal secur;y >e 6be 5dang}$4 ,"! has n"e be5 any r1sona# cause = s* appreh5.n4 ,9de$1 ! mo/ ample evid;e 6! 3tr>y has all ! :ile exi/$ & be5 op5 6_! 9spec;n4 ,x is f.d 9 ne>ly all ! publi%$ spee*es ( hm :o n{ a4resses y4 ,i d b quote f "o ( ~? spee*es :5 ,i dcl t 8,i h no purpose1 directly or 9directly1 69t}f}e )! 9/itu;n ( slav}y 9 ! ,/ates ": x exi/s4 ,i 2lieve ,i h no law;l "r to d s1 & ,i h no 9cl9,n 6d s40 ,~? :o nom9at$ & elect$ me did s ) full k t ,i _h made ? & _m simil> decl>,ns1 & _h n"e recant$ !m4 ,&1 m ?an ?1 !y plac$ 9 ! plat=m = my a3ept.e1 & z a law to !mvs & 6me1 ! cle> & emphatic resolu;n : ,i n{ r1d3 8,resolv$1 ,t ! ma9t5.e 9violate (! "rs (! ,/ates1 & especi,y ! "r ( ea* ,/ate 6ord} & 3trol xs {n dome/ic 9/itu;ns ac 6xs {n judg;t exclusively1 is ess5tial 6t bal.e ( p{} on : ! p}fec;n & 5dur.e ( |r political fabric dep5d1 & we den|nce ! law.s 9va.n 0>m$ =ce (! soil ( any ,/ate or ,t}ritory1 no matt} "u :at pretext1 z am;g ! grave/ ( crimes40 ,i n{ reit}ate ~! s5ti;ts2 &1 9 do+ s1 ,i only press ~u ! public att5;n ! mo/ 3clusive evid;e ( : ! case is suscepti#1 t ! prop}ty1 p1ce1 & secur;y ( no sec;n >e 6be 9 any wise 5dang}$ 0! n{ 9com+ ,adm9i/r,n4 ,i add1 too1 t all ! protec;n :1 3si/5tly )! ,3/itu;n &! laws1 c 2 giv51 w 2 *e};lly giv5 6all ! ,/ates :5 law;lly dem&$1 = :at"e cause--z *e};lly 6"o sec;n1 z 6ano!r4 ,"! is m* 3trov}sy ab ! deliv}+ up ( fugitives f s}vice or labor4 ,! clause ,i n{ r1d is z pla9ly writt5 9 ! ,3/itu;n z any o!r ( xs provi.ns3 8,no p}son held 6s}vice or labor 9 "o ,/ate1 "u ! laws "!(1 escap+ 96ano!r1 % 9 3sequ;e ( any law or regul,n "!9 2 4*>g$ f s* s}vice or labor1 b % 2 deliv}$ up on claim (! "py 6:om s* s}vice or labor may 2 due40 ,x is sc>cely "q$ t ? provi.n 0 9t5d$ by ~? :o made x =! reclaim+ ( :at we call fugitive slaves2 &! 9t5;n (! lawgiv} is ! law4 ,all ,memb}s ( ,3gress swe> _! support 6! :ole ,3/itu;n--to ? provi.n z m* z 6any o!r4 ,6! proposi;n1 !n1 t slaves ~: cases -e )9 ! t}ms ( ? clause1 8% 2 deliv}$ up10 _! oa?s >e unanim|s4 ,n{1 if !y wd make ! ef=t 9 gd temp}1 cd !y n ) ne>ly equal unanim;y frame & pass a law 0m1ns ( : 6keep gd t unanim|s oa?8 ,"! is "s di6};e ( op9ion :e!r ? clause %d 2 5=c$ 0n,nal or 0,/ate au?or;y2 b surely t di6};e is n a v mat}ial "o4 ,if ! slave is 6be surr5d}$1 x c 2 ( b ll 3sequ;e 6hm1 or 6o!rs1 0: au?or;y x is d"o4 ,& %d any "o1 9 any case1 2 3t5t t 8 oa? % g unkept1 on a m}ely unsub/antial 3trov}sy z 6h{ x % 2 kept8 ,ag1 9 any law ~u ? subject1 "| n all ! safegu>ds ( lib}ty "kn 9 civiliz$ & humane jurisprud;e 6be 9troduc$ s t a free man 2 n1 9 any case1 surr5d}$ z a slave8 ,& miantees t 8! citiz5 ( ea* ,/ate % 2 5titl$ 6all privileges & immunities ( citiz5s 9 ! s"eal ,/ates08 ,i take ! (ficial oa? td ) no m5tal res}v,ns & ) no purpose 63/rue ! ,3/itu;n or laws 0any hyp}critical rules4 ,& :ile ,i d n *oose n{ 6specify "picul> acts ( ,3gress z prop} 6be 5=c$1 ,i d su7e/ t x w 2 m* saf} = all1 bo? 9 (ficial & private /,ns1 63=m to & abide 0all ~? acts : /& unrep1l$1 ?an 6violate any ( !m tru/+ 6f9d impun;y 9 hav+ !m held 6be uncon/itu;nal4 ,x is sev5ty-two ye>s s9ce ! f/ 9augur,n (a ,presid5t "u |r ,n,nal ,3/itu;n4 ,dur+ t p}iod fifte5 di6}5t & grtly 4t+ui%$ citiz5s h1 9 su3es.n1 adm9i/}$ ! ,executive bran* (! ,gov}n;t4 ,!y h 3duct$ x "? _m p}ils1 & g5},y ) grt su3ess4 ,yet1 ) all ? scope ( prec$5t1 ,i n{ 5t} ~u ! same task =! brief 3/itu;nal t}m ( f|r ye>s "u grt & peculi> di6iculty4 ,a 4rup;n (! ,f$}al ,union1 "hto=e only m5ac$1 is n{ =midably attempt$4 ,i hold t1 9 3templ,n ( univ}sal law & (! ,3/itu;n1 ! ,union ( ~! ,/ates is p}petual4 ,p}petu;y is impli$1 if n express$1 9 ! funda;tal law ( all n,nal gov}n;ts4 ,x is safe 6ass}t t no gov}n;t prop} "e _h a provi.n 9 xs organic law = xs {n t}m9,n4 ,3t9ue to execute all ! express provi.ns ( |r ,n,nal ,3/itu;n1 & ! ,union w 5dure ="e--x 2+ impossi# 6de/roy x except 0"s ac;n n provid$ = 9 ! 9/ru;t xf4 ,ag1 if ! ,unit$ ,/ates 2 n a ,gov}n;t prop}1 b an associ,n ( ,/ates 9 ! nature ( 3tract m}ely1 c x1 z a 3tract1 2 p1c1bly unmade 0less ?an all ! "pies :o made x8 ,"o "py 6a 3tract may violate x--br1k x1 s 6sp1k1 b does x n require all 6law;lly resc9d x8 ,desc5d+ f ~! g5}al pr9ciples1 we f9d ! proposi;n t1 9 legal 3templ,n1 ! ,union is p}petual1 3firm$ 0! hi/ory (! ,union xf4 ,! ,union is m* old} ?an ! ,3/itu;n4 ,x 0 =m$1 9 fact1 0! ,>ticles ( ,associ,n 9 #aggd4 ,x 0 matur$ & 3t9u$ 0! ,decl>,n ( ,9dep5d;e 9 #aggf4 ,x 0 fur!r matur$1 &! fai? ( all ! !n ?irte5 ,/ates expressly pliticles ( ,3f$},n 9 #aggh4 ,&1 f9,y1 9 #aghg1 "o (! dcld objects = orda9+ & e/abli%+ ! ,3/itu;n was1 86=m a m p}fect ,union40 ,b if ! de/ruc;n (! ,union 0"o1 or 0a "p only1 ( ! ,/ates 2 law;lly possi#1 ! ,union is less p}fect ?an 2f ! ,3/itu;n1 hav+ lo/ ! vital ele;t ( p}petu;y4 ,x foll{s f ~! views t no ,/ate1 ~u xs {n m}e mo;n1 c law;lly get | (! ,union2 t resolves & ord9.es to t e6ect >e leg,y void2 & t acts ( viol;e1 )9 any ,/ate or ,/ates1 ag/ ! au?or;y (! ,unit$ ,/ates1 >e 9surrec;n>y or revolu;n>y1 ac 6circum/.es4 ,i "!=e 3sid} t1 9 view (! ,3/itu;n &! laws1 ! ,union is unbrok52 & 6! ext5t ( my abil;y ,i % take c>e1 z ! ,3/itu;n xf expressly 5jo9s ~u me1 t ! laws (! ,union 2 fai?;lly execut$ 9 all (! ,/ates4 ,do+ ? ,i deem 6be only a simple duty on my "p2 & ,i % p}=m x1 s f> z practica#1 un.s my "r;l ma/}s1 ! ,am}ican p1 % )hold ! requisite m1ns1 or 9 "s au?oritative mann} direct ! 3tr>y4 ,i tru/ ? w n 2 reg>d$ z a m5ace1 b only z ! dcld purpose (! ,union t x w 3/itu;n,y def5d & ma9ta9 xf4 ,9 do+ ? "! ne$s 6be no blood%$ or viol;e2 & "! % 2 n"o1 un.s x 2 =c$ ~u ! n,nal au?or;y4 ,! p{} 3fid$ 6me w 2 us$ 6hold1 o3upy1 & possess ! prop}ty & places 2l;g+ 6! ,gov}n;t1 & 6collect ! duties & impo/s2 b 2y :at may 2 nec = ~! objects1 "! w 2 no 9va.n1 no us+ ( =ce ag/ or am;g ! p any":4 ,": ho/il;y 6! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 any 9t}ior local;y1 % 2 s grt & univ}sal z 6prev5t -pet5t resid5t citiz5s f hold+ ! ,f$}al (fices1 "! w 2 no attempt 6=ce obnoxi|s /rang}s am;g ! p = t object4 ,:ile ! /rict legal "r may exi/ 9 ! ,gov}n;t 65=ce ! ex}cise ( ~! (fices1 ! attempt 6d s wd 2 s irritat+1 & s ne>ly impractica# )al1 t ,i deem x bett} 6=ego =! "t ! uses ( s* (fices4 ,! mails1 un.s repell$1 w 3t9ue 6be furni%$ 9 all "ps (! ,union4 ,s f> z possi#1 ! p "ey": % h t s5se ( p}fect secur;y : is mo/ favora# 6calm ?"| & reflec;n4 ,! c|rse "h 9dicat$ w 2 foll{$ un.s curr5t ev5ts & exp}i;e % %{ a modific,n or *ange 6be prop}1 & 9 e case & exig5cy my be/ 4cre;n w 2 ex}cis$ ac 6circum/.es actu,y exi/+1 & )a view &a hope (a p1ce;l solu;n (! n,nal tr|#s1 &! re/or,n ( frat}nal sympa?ies & a6ec;ns4 ,t "! >e p}sons 9 "o sec;n or ano!r :o seek 6de/roy ! ,union at all ev5ts1 & >e glad ( any pretext 6d x1 ,i w nei a6irm nor d5y2 b if "! 2 s*1 ,i ne$ a4ress no ~w 6!m4 ,6~?1 h{"e1 :o re,y love ! ,union may ,i n sp1k8 ,2f 5t}+ ~u s grave a matt} z ! de/ruc;n ( |r n,nal fabric1 ) all xs b5efits1 xs memories1 & xs hopes1 wd x n 2 wise 6asc}ta9 precisely :y we d x8 ,w y haz>d s desp}ate a /ep :ile "! is any possibil;y t any por;n (! ills y fly f h no r1l exi/;e8 ,w y1 :ile ! c}ta9 ills y fly 6>e grt} ?an all ! r1l "os y fly f--w y risk ! -mis.n ( s fe>;l a mistake8 ,all profess 6be 3t5t 9 ! ,union1 if all 3/itu;nal "rs c 2 ma9ta9$4 ,is x true1 !n1 t any "r1 pla9ly writt5 9 ! ,3/itu;n1 has be5 d5i$8 ,i ?9k n4 ,happily ! human m9d is s 3/itut$1 t no "py c r1* 6! audac;y ( do+ ?4 ,?9k1 if y c1 (a s+le 9/.e 9 : a pla9ly writt5 provi.n (! ,3/itu;n has "e be5 d5i$4 ,if by ! m}e =ce ( numb}s a major;y %d deprive a m9or;y 9 any cle>ly writt5 3/itu;nal "r1 x mie s pla9ly assur$ 6!m by a6irm,ns & neg,ns1 gu>anties & prohibi;ns1 9 ! ,3/itu;n1 t 3trov}sies n"e >ise 3c}n+ !m4 ,b no organic law c "e 2 fram$ )a provi.n specific,y applica# 6e "q : may o3ur 9 practical adm9i/r,n4 ,no =esi or two h;e >bitr>ily sec$e ag1 precisely z por;ns (! pres5t ,union n{ claim 6sec$e f x8 ,all :o *}i% 4union s5ti;ts >e n{ 2+ $ucat$ 6! exact temp} ( do+ ?4 ,is "! s* p}fect id5t;y ( 9t}e/s am;g ! ,/ates to -pose a new ,union z 6produce h>mony only1 & prev5t renew$ seces.n8 ,pla9ly1 ! c5tral idea ( seces.n is ! ess;e ( an>*y4 ,a major;y held 9 re/ra9t 03/itu;nal *ecks & limit,ns1 & alw *ang+ easily ) delib}ate *anges ( popul> op9ions & s5ti;ts1 is ! only true sov}eign (a free p4 ,:o"e rejects x does1 ( necess;y1 fly 6an>*y or 6despotism4 ,unanim;y is impossi#2 ! rule (a m9or;y1 z a p}man5t >range;t1 is :olly 9admissi#2 s t1 reject+ ! major;y pr9ciple1 an>*y or despotism 9 "s =m is all t is left4 ,i d n =get ! posi;n1 assum$ 0"s1 t 3/itu;nal "qs >e 6be decid$ 0! ,supreme ,c|rt2 nor d ,i d5y t s* deci.ns m/ 2 b9d+1 9 any case1 ~u ! "pies 6a suit1 z 6! object ( t suit1 :ile !y >e al 5titl$ to v hi< respect & 3sid},n 9 all p>allel cases 0all o!r de"p;ts (! ,gov}n;t4 ,& :ile x is obvi|sly possi# t s* deci.n may 2 }rone|s 9 any giv5 case1 / ! evil e6ect foll{+ x1 2+ limit$ 6t "picul> case1 )! *.e t x may 2 ov}rul$ & n"e 2come a prec$5t = o!r cases1 c bett} 2 borne ?an cd ! evils (a di6}5t practice4 ,at ! same "t1 ! c&id citiz5 m/ 3fess t if ! policy (! ,gov}n;t1 ~u vital "qs a6ect+ ! :ole p1 is 6be irrevocably fix$ 0 deci.ns (! ,supreme ,c|rt1 ! 9/ant !y >e made1 9 ord9>y litig,n 2t "pies 9 p}sonal ac;ns1 ! p w h c1s$ 6be _! {n rul}s1 hav+ 6t ext5t practic,y resign$ _! gov}n;t 96! h&s ( t em95t tribunal4 ,nor is "! 9 ? view any assault ~u ! c|rt or ! judges4 ,x is a duty f : !y may n %r9k 6decide cases prop}ly br"| 2f !m1 & x is no fault ( _!s if o!rs seek 6turn _! deci.ns 6political purposes4 ,"o sec;n ( |r c.try 2lieves slav}y is "r1 & "| to 2 ext5d$1 :ile ! o!r 2lieves x is wr;g1 & "| n 6be ext5d$4 ,? is ! only sub/antial 4pute4 ,! fugitive-slave clause (! ,3/itu;n1 &! law =! suppres.n (! =eign slave trade1 >e ea* z well 5=c$1 p}h1 z any law c "e 2 9 a -mun;y ": ! moral s5se (! p imp}fectly supports ! law xf4 ,! grt body (! p abide 0! dry legal oblig,n 9 bo? cases1 &a few br1k ov} 9 ea*4 ,?1 ,i ?9k1 _c 2 p}fectly cur$2 & x wd 2 worse 9 bo? cases af ! sep>,n (! sec;ns1 ?an 2f4 ,! =eign slave trade1 n{ imp}fectly suppress$1 wd 2 ultimately reviv$ )|t re/ric;n1 9 "o sec;n2 :ile fugitive slaves1 n{ only "pi,y surr5d}$1 wd n 2 surr5d}$ at all 0!o!r4 ,physic,y sp1k+1 we _c sep>ate4 ,we _c remove |r respective sec;ns f ea* o!r1 nor build an impassa# wall 2t !m4 ,a husb& & wife may 2 divorc$1 & g | (! pres;e & 2y ! r1* ( ea* o!r2 b ! di6}5t "ps ( |r c.try _c d ?4 ,!y _c b rema9 face 6face1 & 9t}c|rse1 ei amica# or ho/ile1 m/ 3t9ue 2t !m4 ,is x possi#1 !n1 6make t 9t}c|rse m advantage|s or m satisfactory af sep>,n ?an 2f8 ,c ali5s make tr1ties easi} ?an frs c make laws8 ,c tr1ties 2 m fai?;lly 5=c$ 2t ali5s ?an laws c am;g frs8 ,suppose y g 6w>1 y _c fie ag ~u y4 ,? c.try1 ) xs 9/itu;ns1 2l;gs 6! p :o 9habit x4 ,:5"e !y % gr{ we>y (! exi/+ ,gov}n;t1 !y c ex}cise _! 3/itu;nal "r ( am5d+ x1 or _! revolu;n>y "r 64memb} or ov}?r{ x4 ,i _c 2 ignorant (! fact t _m wor?y & patriotic citiz5s >e desir|s ( hav+ ! ,n,nal ,3/itu;n am5d$4 ,:ile ,i make no recomm5d,n ( am5d;ts1 ,i fully recognize ! "r;l au?or;y (! p ov} ! :ole subject1 6be ex}cis$ 9 ei (! modes prescrib$ 9 ! 9/ru;t xf2 & ,i %d1 "u exi/+ circum/.es1 favor r ?an oppose1 a fair opportun;y 2+ af=d$ ! p 6act ~u x4 ,i w v5ture 6add t 6me ! 3v5;n mode seems pref}a#1 9 t x all{s am5d;ts 6orig9ate )! p !mvs1 9/1d ( only p}mitt+ !m 6take or reject proposi;ns orig9at$ by o!rs1 n especi,y *os5 =! purpose1 & : mi am5d;ts1 s f> z 6say t1 hold+ s* a provi.n 6n{ 2 impli$ 3/itu;nal law1 ,i h no objec;n 6xs 2+ made express & irrevoca#4 ,! ,*ief ,magi/rate derives all 8 au?or;y f ! p1 & !y h 3f}r$ n"o ~u hm 6fix t}ms =! sep>,n (! ,/ates4 ,! p !mvs c d ? al if !y *oose2 b ! ,executive1 z s*1 has no?+ 6d ) x4 ,8 duty is 6adm9i/} ! pres5t ,gov}n;t1 z x came 6his h&s1 & 6transmit x1 unimpair$ 0hm1 6his su3essor4 ,:y %d "! n 2 a pati5t 3fid;e 9 ! ultimate ju/ice (! p8 ,is "! any bett} or equal hope 9 ! _w8 ,9 |r pres5t di6};es is ei "py )|t fai? ( 2+ 9 ! "r8 ,if ! ,almis4 ,my c.trym51 "o & all1 ?9k calmly & well ~u ? :ole subject4 ,no?+ valua# c 2 lo/ 0tak+ "t4 ,if "! 2 an object 6hurry any ( y 9 hot ha/e 6a /ep : y wd n"e take delib}ately1 t object w 2 fru/rat$ 0tak+ "t2 b no gd object c 2 fru/rat$ 0x4 ,s* ( y z >e n{ 4satisfi$1 / h ! old ,3/itu;n unimpair$1 &1 on ! s5sitive po9t1 ! laws ( yr {n fram+ "u x2 :ile ! new ,adm9i/r,n w h no imm p{}1 if x wd1 to *ange ei4 ,if x 7 admitt$ t y :o >e 4satisfi$ hold ! "r side 9 ! 4pute1 "! / is no s+le gd r1son = precipitate ac;n4 ,9tellig;e1 patriotism1 ,*ri/ian;y1 &a firm reli.e on ,hm :o has n"e yet =sak5 ? favor$ l& >e / -pet5t 6adju/1 9 ! be/ way1 all |r pres5t di6iculty4 ,9 yr h&s1 my 4satisfi$ fell{-c.trym51 & n 9 m9e1 is ! mo;t|s issue ( civil w>4 ,! ,gov}n;t w n assail y4 ,y c h no 3flict )|t 2+ yrvs ! a7ressors4 ,y h no oa? regi/}$ 9 ,h1v5 6de/roy ! ,gov}n;t1 :ile ,i % h ! mo/ solemn "o 68pres}ve1 protect1 & def5d x40 ,i am lo? 6close4 ,we >e n 5emies1 b frs4 ,we m/ n 2 5emies4 ,?|< pas.n may h /ra9$1 x m/ n br1k |r bonds ( a6ec;n4 ,! my/ic *ords ( memory1 /ret*+ f e battle-field & patriot grave 6e liv+ he>t & he>?/"o all ov} ? broad l&1 w yet swell ! *orus (! ,union1 :5 ag t|*$1 z surely !y w be1 0! bett} angels ( |r nature4