,,"P ,,"O3 ,,DESC5T ,,OR ,,ORIG9 ,,(
                 ,,MAN

   ,,*APT] ,I3 ,,! ,,EVID;E ,,( ,,!
         ,,DESC5T ,,( ,,MAN ,,F
            ,,"S ,,L[] ,,=M4

  ,HE :O WI%ES 6DECIDE :E!R MAN IS !
MODIFI$ DESC5DANT ( "S PRE-EXI/+ =M1 WD
PROBABLY F/ 5QUIRE :E!R MAN V>IES1 H["E
SLI<TLY1 9 BODILY /RUCTURE & 9 M5TAL
FACULTIES2 & IF S1 :E!R ! V>I,NS >E
TRANSMITT$ 6HIS (FSPR+ 9 A3ORD.E )! LAWS
: PREVAIL )! L[] ANIMALS4 ,AG1 >E !
V>I,NS ! RESULT1 Z F> Z \R IGNOR.E
P]MITS U 6JUDGE1 (! SAME G5]AL CAUSES1 &
>E !Y GOV]N$ 0! SAME G5]AL LAWS1 Z 9 !
CASE ( O!R ORGANISMS2 = 9/.E1 0CORREL,N1
! 9H]IT$ E6ECTS ( USE & 4USE1 &C48 ,IS
MAN SUBJECT 6SIMIL> MALCON=M,NS1 !
RESULT ( >RE/$ DEVELOP;T1 ( REDUPLIC,N (
"PS1 &C41 & DOES HE 4PLAY 9 ANY ( 8
ANOMALIES REV].N 6"S =M] & ANCI5T TYPE (
/RUCTURE8 ,X MI<T AL NATUR,Y 2 5QUIR$
:E!R MAN1 L S _M O!R ANIMALS1 HAS GIV5
RISE 6V>IETIES & SUB-RACES1 DI6]+ B
SLI<TLY F EA* O!R1 OR 6RACES DI6]+ S M*
T !Y M/ 2 CLASS$ Z D\BT;L SPECIES8 ,H[
>E S* RACES 4TRIBUT$ OV] ! _W2 & H[1 :5
CROSS$1 D !Y REACT ON EA* O!R 9 ! F/ &
SU3E$+ G5],NS8 ,& S ) _M O!R PO9TS4
  ,! 5QUIR] WD NEXT -E 6! IMPORTANT
PO9T1 :E!R MAN T5DS 69CR1SE AT S RAPID A
RATE1 Z 6L1D 6O3A.NAL SEV]E /RU7LES =
EXI/;E2 & 3SEQU5TLY 6B5EFICIAL V>I,NS1
:E!R 9 BODY OR M9D1 2+ PRES]V$1 &
9JURI\S "OS ELIM9AT$4 ,D ! RACES OR
SPECIES ( M51 :I*"E T]M MAY 2 APPLI$1
5CROA* ON & REPLACE "O ANO!R1 S T "S
F9,Y 2COME EXT9CT8 ,WE % SEE T ALL ^!
"QS1 Z 9DE$ IS OBVI\S 9 RESPECT 6MO/ (
!M1 M/ 2 ANSW]$ 9 ! A6IRMATIVE1 9 ! SAME
MANN] Z )! L[] ANIMALS4 ,B ! S"EAL
3SID],NS J REF]R$ 6MAY 2 3V5I5TLY DEF]R$
=A "T3 & WE W F/ SEE H[ F> ! BODILY
/RUCTURE ( MAN %[S TRACES1 M OR LESS
PLA91 ( 8 DESC5T F "S L[] =M4 ,9 SU3E$+
*APT]S ! M5TAL P[]S ( MAN1 9 -P>ISON )
^? (! L[] ANIMALS1 W 2 3SID]$4
  ,! ,BODILY ,/RUCTURE ( ,MAN4 ,X IS
NOTORI\S T MAN IS 3/RUCT$ ON ! SAME
G5]AL TYPE OR MODEL Z O!R MAMMALS4 ,ALL
! B"OS 9 8 SKELETON C 2 -P>$ )
CORRESPOND+ B"OS 9 A MONKEY1 BAT1 OR
S1L4 ,S X IS ) 8 MUSCLES1 N]VES1 BLOOD-
VESSELS & 9T]NAL VISC]A4 ,! BRA91 ! MO/
IMPORTANT ( ALL ! ORGANS1 FOLL[S ! SAME
LAW1 Z %EWN 0,HUXLEY & O!R ANATOMI/S4
,BIS*(F1 99 :O IS A HO/ILE WIT;S1 ADMITS
T E *IEF FISSURE & FOLD 9 ! BRA9 ( MAN
HAS XS ANALOGY 9 T (! ORANG2 B HE A4S T
AT NO P]IOD ( DEVELOP;T D _! BRA9S
P]FECTLY AGREE2 NOR CD P]FECT AGREE;T 2
EXPECT$1 = O!RWISE _! M5TAL P[]S WD H
BE5 ! SAME4 ,VULPIAN 99 7#B7 REM>KS3
8,LES DI6];ES REELLES QUI EXI/5T 5TRE
L'5CEPHALE DE L'HOMME ET CELUI DES S+ES
SUP]IEURS1 SONT BI5 M9IMES4 ,X NE FAUT
PAS SE FAIRE D'ILLU.NS A CET EG>D4
,L'HOMME E/ BI5 PLUS PRES DES S+ES
AN?ROPOMORPHES P> LES C>ACT]ES
ANATOMIQUES DE SON C]V1U QUE CEUX-;CI NE
LE SONT NON SEULE;T DES AUTRES
MAMMIF]ES1 MAIS MEME DE C]TA9S
QUADRUMANES1 DES GU5ONS ET DES
MACAQUES40 ,B X WD 2 SUP]FLU\S "H 6GIVE
FUR!R DETAILS ON ! CORRESPOND;E 2T MAN &
! HI<] MAMMALS 9 ! /RUCTURE (! BRA9 &
ALL O!R "PS (! BODY4
      --,GROSSHIRNW9DUNG5 DES ,M5S*51
    #AHFH1 S4 #IF4 ,! 3CLU.NS ( ? AU?OR1
    Z WELL Z ^? ( ,GRATIOLET & ,AEBY1
    3C]N+ ! BRA91 W 2 4CUSS$ 0,PR(4
    ,HUXLEY 9 ! APP5DIX4
      997#B7 ,LEC4 SUR LA ,PHYS41 #AHFF1
    P4 #HIJ1 Z QUOT$ BY ;,M4 ,D,Y1
    ,L',ORDRE DES ,PRIMATES ET LE
    ,TRANS=MISME1 #AHFH1 P4 #BI4
  ,X MAY1 H["E1 2 WOR? :ILE 6SPECIFY A
FEW PO9TS1 N DIRECTLY OR OBVI\SLY 3NECT$
) /RUCTURE1 0: ? CORRESPOND;E OR
REL,N%IP IS WELL %EWN4
  ,MAN IS LIA# 6RCV F ! L[] ANIMALS1 &
6-MUNICATE 6!M1 C]TA9 41SES1 Z
HYDROPHOBIA1 V>IOLA1 ! GL&]S1 SYPHILIS1
*OL]A1 H]PES1 &C42 99 & ? FACT PROVES !
CLOSE SIMIL>;Y 99 7#B7 ( _! TISSUES &
BLOOD1 BO? 9 M9UTE /RUCTURE & -POSI;N1
F> M PLA9LY ?AN DOES _! -P>ISON "U ! BE/
MICROSCOPE1 OR 0! AID (! BE/ *EMICAL
ANALYSIS4 ,MONKEYS >E LIA# 6_M (! SAME
NON-3TAGI\S 41SES Z WE >E2 ?US ,R57]1 99
7#C7 :O C>E;LLY OBS]V$ =A L;G "T !
,CEBUS AZ>AE 9 XS NATIVE L&1 F.D X LIA#
6CAT>RH1 )! USUAL SYMPTOMS1 & :1 :5 (T5
RECURR5T1 L$ 63SUMP;N4 ,^! MONKEYS SU6]$
AL F APOPLEXY1 9FLAMM,N (! B[ELS1 &
CAT>ACT 9 ! EYE4,! "Y] "OS :5 %$D+ _!
MILK-TEE? (T5 DI$ F FEV]4 ,M$IC9ES
PRODUC$ ! SAME E6ECT ON !M Z ON U4 ,_M
K9DS ( MONKEYS H A /R;G TA/E = TEA1
C(FEE1 & _SU\S LIQUORS3 !Y W AL1 Z ,I H
MYF SE51 SMOKE TOBA3O ) PL1SURE4 99 7#D7
,BREHM ASS]TS T ! NATIVES ( NOR?-EA/]N
,AFRICA CAT* ! WILD BABOONS 0EXPOS+
VESSELS ) /R;G BE]1 0: !Y >E MADE DRUNK4
,HE HAS SE5 "S ( ^! ANIMALS1 : HE KEPT 9
3F9E;T1 9 ? /ATE2 & HE GIVES A LAU<A#
A3.T ( _! 2HAVI\R & /RANGE GRIMACES4 ,ON
! FOLL[+ MORN+ !Y 7 V CROSS & 4MAL2 !Y
HELD _! A*+ H1DS ) BO? H&S1 & WORE A MO/
PITIA# EXPRES.N3 :5 BE] OR W9E 0 (F]$
!M1 !Y TURN$ AWAY ) 4GU/1 B RELI%$ !
JUICE ( LEMONS4 99 7#E7 ,AN ,AM]ICAN
MONKEY1 AN ,ATELES1 AF GETT+ DRUNK ON
BR&Y1 WD N"E T\* X AG1 & ?US 0 WIS] ?AN
_M M54 ,^! TRIFL+ FACTS PROVE H[ SIMIL>
! N]VES ( TA/E M/ 2 9 MONKEYS & MAN1 &
H[ SIMIL>LY _! :OLE N]V\S SY/EM IS
A6ECT$4
      --,DR4 ,W4 ,LAUD] ,L9DSAY HAS
    TR1T$ ? SUBJECT AT "S L5G? 9 !
    ,J\RNAL ( ,M5TAL ,SCI;E1 ,JULY1
    #AHGA3 & 9 ! ,$9BUR< ,VET]9>Y
    ,REVIEW1 ,JULY1 #AHEH4
      997#B7 ,A REVIEW] HAS CRITICIS$
    7,BRITI% ,QU>T]LY ,REVIEW1 ,OCT4 #A1
    #AHGA1 P4 #DGB7 :AT ,I H "H SD ) M*
    SEV];Y & 3TEMPT3 B Z ,I D N USE !
    T]M ID5T;Y1 ,I _C SEE T ,I AM GRTLY
    9 ]ROR4 ,"! APPE>S 6ME A /R;G
    ANALOGY 2T ! SAME 9FEC;N OR 3TAGION
    PRODUC+ ! SAME RESULT1 OR "O CLOSELY
    SIMIL>1 9 TWO 4T9CT ANIMALS1 &! TE/+
    ( TWO 4T9CT FLUIDS 0! SAME *EMICAL
    REAG5T4
      997#C7 ,NATURGES*I*TE D]
    ,SAUGE?I]E VON ,P>AGUAY1 #AHCJ1 S4
    #EJ4
      997#D7 ,! SAME TE/S >E -MON 6"S
    ANIMALS M* L[] 9 ! SCALE4 ,MR4 ,A4
    ,NICOLS 9=MS ME T HE KEPT 9
    ,QUE5SL&1 9 ,AU/RALIA1 ?REE
    9DIVIDUALS (! ,PHASEOL>CTUS C9]EUS1
    & T1 )\T HAV+ BE5 TAU<T 9 ANY WAY1
    !Y ACQUIR$ A /R;G TA/E = RUM1 &=
    SMOK+ TOBA3O4
      997#E7 ,BREHM1 ,ILLU/RI]TES
    ,?I]LEB51 ,B4 I41 #AHFD1 #GE1 #HF4
    ,ON ! ,ATELES1 S4 #AJE4 ,= O!R
    ANALOG\S /ATE;TS1 SEE SS4 #BE1 #AJG4
  ,MAN IS 9FE/$ ) 9T]NAL P>ASITES1 "S"TS
CAUS+ FATAL E6ECTS2 & IS PLAGU$ 0EXT]NAL
P>ASITES1 ALL ( : 2L;G 6! SAME G5]A OR
FAMILIES Z ^? 9FE/+ O!R MAMMALS1 & 9 !
CASE ( SCABIES 6! SAME SPECIES4 99 ,MAN
IS SUBJECT1 L O!R MAMMALS1 BIRDS1 & EV5
9SECTS1 99 7#B7 6T MY/]I\S LAW1 : CAUSES
C]TA9 NORMAL PROCESSES1 S* Z GE/,N1 Z
WELL Z ! MATUR,N & DUR,N ( V>I\S 41SES1
6FOLL[ LUN> P]IODS4 ,8 W.DS >E REPAIR$
0! SAME PROCESS ( H1L+2 &! /UMPS LEFT AF
! AMPUT,N ( 8 LIMBS1 ESPECI,Y DUR+ AN
E>LY EMBRYONIC P]IOD1 O3A.N,Y POSSESS "S
P[] ( REG5],N1 Z 9 ! L[E/ ANIMALS4 99
7#C7
      --,DR4 ,W4 ,LAUD] ,L9DSAY1 ,$9BUR<
    ,VET]9>Y ,REVIEW1 ,JULY1 #AHEH1 P4
    #AC4
      997#B7 ,) RESPECT 69SECTS SEE ,DR4
    ,LAYCOCK1 8,ON A ,G5]AL ,LAW (
    ,VITAL ,P]IODIC;Y10 ,BRITI%
    ,ASSOCI,N1 #AHDB4 ,DR4 ,MA3ULLO*1
    ,SILLIMAN'S ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN ,J\RNAL (
    ,SCI;E1 VOL4 ;XVII41 P4 #CJE1 HAS
    SE5 A DOG SU6]+ F T]TIAN AGUE4 ,"HAF
    ,I % RETURN 6? SUBJECT4
      997#C7 ,I H GIV5 ! EVID;E ON ? H1D
    9 MY ,V>I,N ( ,ANIMALS & ,PLANTS "U
    ,DOME/IC,N1 VOL4 ;II41 P4 #AE1 & M
    CD 2 A4$4
  ,! :OLE PROCESS ( T MO/ IMPORTANT
FUNC;N1 ! REPRODUC;N (! SPECIES1 IS
/RIK+LY ! SAME 9 ALL MAMMALS1 F ! F/ ACT
( C\RT%IP 0! MALE1 99 6! BIR? & NURTUR+
(! "Y4 ,MONKEYS >E BORN 9 ALM Z HELP.S A
3DI;N Z \R [N 9FANTS2 & 9 C]TA9 G5]A !
"Y DI6] FULLY Z M* 9 APPE>.E F ! ADULTS1
Z D \R *N F _! FULL-GR[N P>5TS4 99 7#B7
,X HAS BE5 URG$ 0"S WRIT]S1 Z AN
IMPORTANT 4T9C;N1 T ) MAN ! "Y >RIVE AT
MATUR;Y AT A M* LAT] AGE ?AN ) ANY O!R
ANIMAL3 B IF WE LOOK 6! RACES ( MANK9D :
9HABIT TROPICAL C.TRIES ! DI6];E IS N
GRT1 =! ORANG IS 2LIEV$ N 6BE ADULT TILL
! AGE ( F T5 6FIFTE5 YE>S4 99 7#C7 ,MAN
DI6]S F WOMAN 9 SIZE1 BODILY /R5G?1
HAIRI;S1 &C41 Z WELL Z 9 M9D1 9 ! SAME
MANN] Z D ! TWO SEXES ( _M MAMMALS4 ,S T
! CORRESPOND;E 9 G5]AL /RUCTURE1 9 !
M9UTE /RUCTURE (! TISSUES1 9 *EMICAL
-POSI;N & 9 3/ITU;N1 2T MAN &! HI<]
ANIMALS1 ESPECI,Y ! AN?ROPOMORPH\S APES1
IS EXTREMELY CLOSE4
      --,M>ES ;E DIV]SIS G5]IBUS
    ,QUADRUMANORUM S9E DUBIO DIGNOSCUNT
    FEM9AS HUMANAS A M>IBUS4 ,PRIMUM1
    CR$O1 ODORATU1 PO/EA ASPECTU4 ,MR4
    ,Y\ATT1 QUI DIU 9 ,HORTIS
    ,ZOOLOGICIS 7,BE/I>IIS7 M$ICUS
    ANIMALIUM ]AT1 VIR 9 REBUS OBS]V&IS
    CAUTUS ET SAGAX1 HOC MIHI C]TISSIME
    PROBAVIT1 ET CURATORES EJUSDEM LOCI
    ET ALII ;E M9I/IRS 3FIRMAV]UNT4 ,SIR
    ,&REW ,SMI? ET ,BREHM NOTABANT IDEM
    9 ,CYNOCEPHALO4 ,ILLU/RISSIMUS
    ,CUVI] ETIAM N>RAT MULTA DE HAC RE1
    QUA UT OP9OR1 NIHIL TURPIUS POTE/
    9DIC>I 9T] OMNIA HOM9IBUS ET
    ,QUADRUMANIS -MUNIA4 ,N>RAT 5IM
    ,CYNOCEPHALUM QU5DAM 9 FUROREM
    9CID]E ASPECTU FEM9>UM ALIQU>EM1 S$
    NEQUAQUAM A35DI TANTO FURORE ;AB
    OMNIBUS4 ,SEMP] ELIGEBAT JUNIORES1
    ET DIGNOSCEBAT 9 TURBA1 ET ADVOCABAT
    VOCE GE/UQUE4
      997#B7 ,? REM>K IS MADE ) RESPECT
    6,CYNOCEPHALUS &! AN?ROPOMORPH\S
    APES 0,GE(FROY ,SA9T-,HILAIRE & ,F4
    ,CUVI]1 ,HI/OIRE ,NAT4 DES
    ,MAMMIF]ES1 TOM4 I41 #AHBD4
      997#C7 ,HUXLEY1 ,MAN'S ,PLACE 9
    ,NATURE1 #AHFC1 P4 #CD4
  ,EMBRYONIC ,DEVELOP;T4 ,MAN IS
DEVELOP$ F AN OVULE1 AB ! #ABE? ( AN 9*
9 DIAMET]1 : DI6]S 9 NO RESPECT F !
OVULES ( O!R ANIMALS4 ,! EMBRYO XF AT A
V E>LY P]IOD C H>DLY 2 4T+UI%$ F T ( O!R
MEMB]S (! V]TEBRATE K+DOM4 ,AT ? P]IOD !
>T]IES RUN 9 >*-L BRAN*ES1 Z IF 6C>RY !
BLOOD 6BRAN*IAE : >E N PRES5T 9 ! HI<]
,V]TEBRATA1 ?\< ! SLITS ON ! SIDES (!
NECK / REMA9 7SEE ;F1 ;G1 FIG4 #A71 M>K+
_! =M] POSI;N4 ,AT A "S:AT LAT] P]IOD1
:5 ! EXTREMITIES >E DEVELOP$1 8! FEET (
LIZ>DS & MAMMALS10 Z ! ILLU/RI\S VON
,BAER REM>KS1 8! W+S & FEET ( BIRDS1 NO
LESS ?AN ! H&S & FEET ( MAN1 ALL >ISE F
! SAME FUNDA;TAL =M40 ,X IS1 SAYS ,PR(4
,HUXLEY1 99 8Q 9 ! LAT] /AGES (
DEVELOP;T T ! "Y HUMAN 2+ PRES5TS M>K$
DI6];ES F ! "Y APE1 :ILE ! LATT] DE"PS Z
M* F ! DOG 9 XS DEVELOP;TS1 Z ! MAN
DOES4 ,/>TL+ Z ? LA/ ASS];N MAY APPE>
6BE1 X IS DEMON/RABLY TRUE40
      --,MAN'S ,PLACE 9 ,NATURE1 #AHFC1
    P4 #FG4
  ,Z "S ( MY R1D]S MAY N"E H SE5 A DRAW+
( AN EMBRYO1 ,I H GIV5 "O ( MAN & ANO!R
(A DOG1 AT AB ! SAME E>LY /AGE (
DEVELOP;T1 C>E;LLY COPI$ F TWO "WS (
UND\BT$ A3URACY4 99
      --,! HUMAN EMBRYO 7SEE UPP] FIG47
    IS F ,ECK]1 ,IC"OS ,PHYS41 #AHEA-
    #AHEI1 TAB4 ;XXX41 FIG4 #B4 ,! DRAW+
    ( ? EMBRYO IS M* MAGNIFI$4 ,! EMBRYO
    (! DOG IS F ,BIS*(F1
    ,5TWICKLUNGSGES*I*TE DES ,HUNDE-
    ,EIES1 #AHDE1 TAB4 ;XI41 FIG4 #DB
    ,B4 ,? DRAW+ IS MAGNIFI$1 ! EMBRYO
    2+ TW5TY-FIVE "DS OLD4 ,! 9T]NAL
    VISC]A H BE5 OMITT$1 &! UT]9E
    APP5DAGES 9 BO? DRAW+S REMOV$4 ,I 0
    DIRECT$ 6^! FIGURES 0,PR(4 ,HUXLEY1
    F ^: "W1 ,MAN'S ,PLACE 9 ,NATURE1 !
    IDEA ( GIV+ !M 0 TAK54 ,HAECKEL HAS
    AL GIV5 ANALOG\S DRAW+S 9 8
    ,S*OPFUNGSGES*I*TE4
      ,AF ! =EGO+ /ATE;TS MADE 0S* HI<
    AU?ORITIES1 X WD 2 SUP]FLU\S ON MY
    "P 6GIVE A NUMB] ( BORR[$ DETAILS1
    %EW+ T ! EMBRYO ( MAN CLOSELY
    RESEM#S T ( O!R MAMMALS4 ,X MAY1
    H["E1 2 A4$1 T ! HUMAN EMBRYO
    LIKEWISE RESEM#S C]TA9 L[ =MS :5
    ADULT 9 V>I\S PO9TS ( /RUCTURE4 ,=
    9/.E1 ! HE>T AT F/ EXI/S Z A SIMPLE
    PULSAT+ VESSEL2 ! EXCRETA >E VOID$
    "? A CLOACAL PASSAGE2 &! OS CO3YX
    PROJECTS L A TRUE EXT5D+ 3SID]ABLY
    2Y ! RUDI;T>Y LEGS48 99 ,9 ! EMBRYOS
    ( ALL AIR-BR1?+ V]TEBRATES1 C]TA9
    GL&S1 CALL$ ! CORPORA ,WOL6IANA1
    CORRESPOND )1 & ACT L ! KIDNEYS (
    MATURE FI%ES4 99 7#B7 ,EV5 AT A LAT]
    EMBRYONIC P]IOD1 "S /RIK+ RESEMBL.ES
    2T MAN &! L[] ANIMALS MAY 2 OBS]V$4
    ,BIS*(F SAYS 8T ! 3VOLU;NS (! BRA9 9
    A HUMAN FOETUS AT ! 5D (! SEV5? MON?
    R1* AB ! SAME /AGE ( DEVELOP;T Z 9 A
    BABOON :5 ADULT48 997#C7 ,! GRT TOE1
    Z ,PROFESSOR ,[5 REM>KS1 99 7#D7 8:
    =MS ! FULCRUM :5 /&+ OR WALK+1 IS
    P]H ! MO/ "*I/IC PECULI>;Y 9 ! HUMAN
    /RUCTURE02 B 9 AN EMBRYO1 AB AN 9* 9
    L5G?1 ,PR(4 ,WYMAN 99 7#E7 F.D 8T !
    GRT TOE 0 %ORT] ?AN ! O!RS2 &1 9/1D
    ( 2+ P>ALLEL 6!M1 PROJECT$ AT AN
    ANGLE F ! SIDE (! FOOT1 ?US
    CORRESPOND+ )! P]MAN5T 3DI;N ( ? "P
    9 ! ,QUADRUMANA40 ,I W 3CLUDE )A
    QUOT,N F ,HUXLEY1 99 7#F7 :O1 AF
    ASK+ DOES MAN ORIG9ATE 9 A DI6]5T
    WAY F A DOG1 BIRD1 FROG OR FI%1
    SAYS1 8,! REPLY IS N D\BT;L =A MO;T2
    )\T "Q1 ! MODE ( ORIG91 &! E>LY
    /AGES (! DEVELOP;T ( MAN1 >E
    ID5TICAL ) ^? (! ANIMALS IMMLY 2L HM
    9 ! SCALE3 )\T A D\BT 9 ^! RESPECTS1
    HE IS F> NE>] 6APES ?AN ! APES >E 6!
    DOG40
      --,PR(4 ,WYMAN 9 ,PROCE$+S (!
    ,AM]ICAN ,ACADEMY ( ,SCI;ES1 VOL4
    ;IV41 #AHFJ1 P4 #AG4
      997#B7 ,[51 ,ANATOMY (
    ,V]TEBRATES1 VOL4 I41 P4 #ECC4
      997#C7 ,DIE ,GROSSHIRNW9DUNG5 DES
    ,M5S*5 #AHFH1 S4 #IE4
      997#D7 ,ANATOMY ( ,V]TEBRATES1
    VOL4 ;II41 P4 #EEC4
      997#E7 ,PROC4 ,SOC4 ,NAT4 ,HI/41
    ,BO/ON1 #AHFC1 VOL4 ;IX41 P4 #AHE4
      997#F7 ,MAN'S ,PLACE 9 ,NATURE1 P4
    #FE4
  ,RUDI;TS4 ,? SUBJECT1 ?\< N 9TR9SIC,Y
M IMPORTANT ?AN ! TWO LA/1 W = S"EAL
R1SONS 2 TR1T$ "H M FULLY4 99 ,N "O (!
HI<] ANIMALS C 2 "ND : DOES N BE> "S "P
9 A RUDI;T>Y 3DI;N2 & MAN =MS NO EXCEP;N
6! RULE4 ,RUDI;T>Y ORGANS M/ 2 4T+UI%$ F
^? T >E NASC5T2 ?\< 9 "S CASES ! 4T9C;N
IS N EASY4 ,! =M] >E EI ABSOLUTELY
USE.S1 S* Z ! MAMMEE ( MALE QUADRUP$S1
OR ! 9CISOR TEE? ( RUM9ANTS : N"E CUT "?
! GUMS2 OR !Y >E ( S* SLI<T S]VICE 6_!
PRES5T POSSESSORS1 T WE C H>DLY SUPPOSE
T !Y 7 DEVELOP$ "U ! 3DI;NS : N[ EXI/4
,ORGANS 9 ? LATT] /ATE >E N /RICTLY
RUDI;T>Y1 B !Y >E T5D+ 9 ? DIREC;N4
,NASC5T ORGANS1 ON ! O!R H&1 ?\< N FULLY
DEVELOP$1 >E ( HI< S]VICE 6_!
POSSESSORS1 & >E CAPA# ( FUR!R
DEVELOP;T4 ,RUDI;T>Y ORGANS >E EM95TLY
V>IA#2 & ? IS "PLY 9TELLIGI#1 Z !Y >E
USE.S1 OR NE>LY USE.S1 & 3SEQU5TLY >E NO
L;G] SUBJECT$ 6NATURAL SELEC;N4 ,!Y (T5
2COME :OLLY SUPPRESS$4 ,:5 ? O3URS1 !Y
>E N"E!.S LIA# 6O3A.NAL REAPPE>.E "?
REV].N- A CIRCUM/.E WELL WOR?Y ( ATT5;N4
      --,I _H WRITT5 A R\< COPY ( ?
    *APT] 2F R1D+ A VALUA# PAP]1
    8,C>ATT]I RUDI;TALI 9 ORD9E ALL0'
    ORIG9E DELL' UOMO0 7,ANNU>IO DELLA
    ,SOC4 D4 ,NATURALI/I1 ,MOD5A1 #AHFG1
    P4 #HA71 BY ;,G4 ,CANE/R9I1 6: PAP]
    ,I AM 3SID]ABLY 9DEBT$4 ,HAECKEL HAS
    GIV5 ADMIRA# 4CUS.NS ON ? :OLE
    SUBJECT1 "U ! TITLE (
    8,DY/ELEOLOGY10 9 8 ,G5]ELLE
    ,MORPHOLOGIE & ,%OPFUNGSGES*I*TE4
  ,! *IEF AG5TS 9 CAUS+ ORGANS 62COME
RUDI;T>Y SEEM 6H BE5 4USE AT T P]IOD (
LIFE :5 ! ORGAN IS *IEFLY US$ 7& ? IS
G5],Y DUR+ MATUR;Y71 & AL 9H]IT.E AT A
CORRESPOND+ P]IOD ( LIFE4 ,! T]M 84USE0
DOES N RELATE M]ELY 6! LESS5$ AC;N (
MUSCLES1 B 9CLUDES A DIM9I%$ FL[ ( BLOOD
6A "P OR ORGAN1 F 2+ SUBJECT$ 6FEW]
ALT]N,NS ( PRESSURE1 OR F 2COM+ 9 ANY
WAY LESS HABITU,Y ACTIVE4 ,RUDI;TS1
H["E1 MAY O3UR 9 "O SEX ( ^? "PS : >E
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  ,I AM 9=M$ 0,SIR ,JAMES ,PAGET T (T5
S"EAL MEMB]S (A FAMILY H A FEW HAIRS 9
_! EYEBR[S M* L;G] ?AN ! O!RS2 S T EV5 ?
SLI<T PECULI>;Y SEEMS 6BE 9H]IT$4 ,^!
HAIRS1 TOO1 SEEM 6H _! REPRES5TATIVES2 =
9 ! *IMPANZEE1 & 9 C]TA9 SPECIES (
,MAEACUS1 "! >E SCATT]$ HAIRS ( 3SID]A#
L5G? RIS+ F ! NAK$ SK9 ABV ! EYES1 &
CORRESPOND+ 6\R EYEBR[S2 SIMIL> L;G
HAIRS PROJECT F ! HAIRY COV]+ (!
SUP]CILI>Y RIDGES 9 "S BABOONS4
  ,! F9E WOOL-L HAIR1 OR S-CALL$ LANUGO1
) : ! HUMAN FOETUS DUR+ ! SIX? MON? IS
?ICKLY COV]$1 (F]S A M CURI\S CASE4 ,X
IS F/ DEVELOP$1 DUR+ ! FIF? MON?1 ON !
EYEBR[S & FACE1 & ESPECI,Y R.D ! M\?1 ":
X IS M* L;G] ?AN T ON ! H1D4 ,A M\/A*E (
? K9D 0 OBS]V$ 0,ES*RI*T 99 ON A FEMALE
FOETUS2 B ? IS N S SURPRIS+ A CIRCUM/.E
Z X MAY AT F/ APPE>1 =! TWO SEXES G5],Y
RESEM# EA* O!R 9 ALL EXT]NAL "*S DUR+ AN
E>LY P]IOD ( GR[?4 ,! DIREC;N & >RANGE;T
(! HAIRS ON ALL "PS (! FOETAL BODY >E !
SAME Z 9 ! ADULT1 B >E SUBJECT 6M*
V>IABIL;Y4 ,! :OLE SURFACE1 9CLUD+ EV5 !
=EH1D & E>S1 IS ?US ?ICKLY CLO!D2 B X IS
A SIGNIFICANT FACT T ! PALMS (! H&S &!
SOLES (! FEET >E Q NAK$1 L ! 9F]IOR
SURFACES ( ALL F\R EXTREMITIES 9 MO/ (!
L[] ANIMALS4 ,Z ? C H>DLY 2 AN A3ID5TAL
CO9CID;E1 ! WOOLLY COV]+ (! FOETUS
PROBABLY REPRES5TS ! F/ P]MAN5T COAT (
HAIR 9 ^? MAMMALS : >E BORN HAIRY4 ,?REE
OR F\R CASES H BE5 RECORD$ ( P]SONS BORN
) _! :OLE BODIES & FACES ?ICKLY COV]$ )
F9E L;G HAIRS2 & ? /RANGE 3DI;N IS
/R;GLY 9H]IT$1 & IS CORRELAT$ ) AN
ABNORMAL 3DI;N (! TEE?4 99 7#B7 ,PR(4
,ALEX4 ,BR&T 9=MS ME T HE HAS -P>$ !
HAIR F ! FACE (A MAN ?US "*IS$1 AG$
?IRTY-FIVE1 )! LANUGO (A FOETUS1 & F9DS
X Q SIMIL> 9 TEXTURE2 "!=E1 Z HE REM>KS1
! CASE MAY 2 ATTRIBUT$ 6AN >RE/ (
DEVELOP;T 9 ! HAIR1 TGR ) XS 3T9U$ GR[?4
,_M DELICATE *N1 Z ,I H BE5 ASSUR$ 0A
SURGEON 6A HOSPITAL = *N1 H _! BACKS
COV]$ 0R L;G SILKY HAIRS2 & S* CASES
PROBABLY -E "U ! SAME H1D4
      --,ES*RI*T1 IBID41 SS4 #DJ1 #DG4
      997#B7 ,SEE MY ,V>I,N ( ,ANIMALS &
    ,PLANTS "U ,DOME/IC,N1 VOL4 ;II41 P4
    #CBG4 ,PR(4 ,ALEX4 ,BR&T HAS REC5TLY
    S5T ME AN A4I;NAL CASE (A "F & SON1
    BORN 9 ,RUSSIA1 ) ^! PECULI>ITIES4
    ,I H RCVD DRAW+S ( BO? F ,P>IS4
  ,X APPE>S Z IF ! PO/]IOR MOL> OR
WISDOM-TEE? 7 T5D+ 62COME RUDI;T>Y 9 ! M
CIVILIS$ RACES ( MAN4 ,^! TEE? >E R
SMALL] ?AN ! O!R MOL>S1 Z IS LIKEWISE !
CASE )! CORRESPOND+ TEE? 9 ! *IMPANZEE &
ORANG2 & !Y H ONLY TWO SEP>ATE FANGS4
,!Y D N CUT "? ! GUMS TILL AB ! SEV5TE5?
YE>1 & ,I H BE5 ASSUR$ T !Y >E M* M LIA#
6DECAY1 & >E E>LI] LO/ ?AN ! O!R TEE?2 B
? IS D5I$ 0"S EM95T D5TI/S4 ,!Y >E AL M*
M LIA# 6V>Y1 BO? 9 /RUCTURE & 9 ! P]IOD
( _! DEVELOP;T1 ?AN ! O!R TEE?4 99 ,9 !
,MELANIAN RACES1 ON ! O!R H&1 ! WISDOM-
TEE? >E USU,Y FURNI%$ ) ?REE SEP>ATE
FANGS1 & >E G5],Y S.D2 !Y AL DI6] F !
O!R MOL>S 9 SIZE1 LESS ?AN 9 !
,CAUCASIAN RACES4 99 7#B7 ,PR(4
,S*AA6HAUS5 A3.TS = ? DI6];E 2T ! RACES
BY 8! PO/]IOR D5TAL POR;N (! JAW 2+ ALW
%ORT5$0 9 ^? T >E CIVILIS$1 99 7#C7 & ?
%ORT5+ MAY1 ,I PRESUME1 2 ATTRIBUT$
6CIVILIS$ M5 HABITU,Y FE$+ ON S(T1 COOK$
FOOD1 & ?US US+ _! JAWS LESS4 ,I AM 9=M$
0,MR4 ,BRACE T X IS 2COM+ Q A -MON
PRACTICE 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES 6REMOVE "S (!
MOL> TEE? ( *N1 Z ! JAW DOES N GR[ L>GE
5 =! P]FECT DEVELOP;T (! NORMAL
NUMB]4997#D7
      --,DR4 ,WEBB1 8,TEE? 9 ,MAN &!
    ,AN?ROPOID ,APES10 Z QUOT$ 0,DR4 ,C4
    ,C>T] ,BLAKE 9 ,AN?ROPOLOGICAL
    ,REVIEW1 ,JULY1 #AHFG1 P4 #BII4
      997#B7 ,[51 ,ANATOMY (
    ,V]TEBRATES1 VOL4 ;III41 PP4 #CBJ1
    #CBA1 & #CBE4
      997#C7 8,ON ! ,PRIMITIVE ,=M (!
    ,SKULL10 ,5G4 TRANSLAT41 9
    ,AN?ROPOLOGICAL ,REVIEW1 ,OCT41
    #AHFH1 P4 #DBF4
      997#D7 ,PR(4 ,MONTEGAZZA WRITES
    6ME F ,FLOR;E1 T HE HAS LATELY BE5
    /UDY+ ! LA/ MOL> TEE? 9 ! DI6]5T
    RACES ( MAN1 & HAS -E 6! SAME 3CLU.N
    Z T GIV5 9 MY TEXT1 VIZ41 T 9 ! HI<]
    OR CIVILIS$ RACES !Y >E ON ! ROAD
    T[>DS ATROPHY OR ELIM9,N4
  ,) RESPECT 6! ALI;T>Y CANAL1 ,I H MET
) AN A3.T ( ONLY A S+LE RUDI;T1 "NLY !
V]MI=M APP5DAGE (! CAECUM4 ,! CAECUM IS
A BRAN* OR DIV]TICULUM (! 9TE/9E1 5D+ 9
A CUL-DE-SAC1 & IS EXTREMELY L;G 9 _M (!
L[] VEGETA#-FE$+ MAMMALS4 ,9 ! M>SUPIAL
KOALA X IS ACTU,Y M ?AN ?RICE Z L;G Z !
:OLE BODY4 99 ,X IS "S"TS PRODUC$ 96A
L;G GRADU,Y-TAP]+ PO9T1 & IS "S"TS
3/RICT$ 9 "PS4 ,X APPE>S Z IF1 9 3SEQU;E
( *ANG$ DIET OR HABITS1 ! CAECUM _H
2COME M* %ORT5$ 9 V>I\S ANIMALS1 !
V]MI=M APP5DAGE 2+ LEFT Z A RUDI;T (!
%ORT5$ "P4 ,T ? APP5DAGE IS A RUDI;T1 WE
MAY 9F] F XS SMALL SIZE1 & F ! EVID;E :
,PR(4 ,CANE/R9I 99 7#B7 HAS COLLECT$ (
XS V>IABIL;Y 9 MAN4 ,X IS O3A.N,Y Q
ABS5T1 OR AG IS L>GELY DEVELOP$4 ,!
PASSAGE IS "S"TS -PLETELY CLOS$ = HALF
OR TWO-?IRDS ( XS L5G?1 )! T]M9AL "P
3SI/+ (A FLATT5$ SOLID EXPAN.N4 ,9 !
ORANG ? APP5DAGE IS L;G & 3VOLUT$3 9 MAN
X >ISES F ! 5D (! %ORT CAECUM1 & IS
-MONLY F F\R 6FIVE 9*ES 9 L5G?1 2+ ONLY
AB ! ?IRD ( AN 9* 9 DIAMET]4 ,N ONLY IS
X USE.S1 B X IS "S"TS ! CAUSE ( D1?1 ( :
FACT ,I H LATELY HE>D TWO 9/.ES3 ? IS
DUE 6SMALL H>D BODIES1 S* Z SE$S1 5T]+ !
PASSAGE1 & CAUS+ 9FLAMM,N4 99 7#C7
      --,[51 ,ANATOMY ( ,V]TEBRATES1
    VOL4 ;III41 PP #DAF1 #DCD1 #DDA4
      997#B7 ,ANNU>IO DELLA ,SOC4 D4
    ,NAT4 ,MOD5A1 #AHFG1 P4 #ID4
      997#C7 ,M4 ,C4 ,M>T9S 78,DE
    L',UNITE ,ORGANIQUE10 9 ,REVUE DES
    ,DEUX ,MONDES1 ,JUNE #AE1 #AHFB1 P4
    #AF7 & ,HAECKEL 7,G5]ELLE
    ,MORPHOLOGIE1 ,B4 ;II41 S4 #BGH71 H
    BO? REM>K$ ON ! S+UL> FACT ( ?
    RUDI;T "S"TS CAUS+ D1?4
  ,9 "S (! L[] ,QUADRUMANA1 9 !
,LEMURIDAE & ,C>NIVORA1 Z WELL Z 9 _M
M>SUPIALS1 "! IS A PASSAGE NE> ! L[] 5D
(! HUM]US1 CALL$ ! SUPRA-3DYLOID =AM51
"? : ! GRT N]VE (! =E LIMB & (T5 ! GRT
>T]Y PASS4 ,N[ 9 ! HUM]US ( MAN1 "! IS
G5],Y A TRACE ( ? PASSAGE1 : IS "S"TS
FAIRLY WELL DEVELOP$1 2+ =M$ 0A DEP5D+
HOOK-L PROCESS ( B"O1 -PLET$ 0A B& (
LIGA;T4 ,DR4 ,/RU!RS1 99 :O HAS CLOSELY
ATT5D$ 6! SUBJECT1 HAS N[ %EWN T ?
PECULI>;Y IS "S"TS 9H]IT$1 Z X HAS
O3URR$ 9 A "F1 & 9 NO LESS ?AN F\R \ ( 8
SEV5 *N4 ,:5 PRES5T1 ! GRT N]VE 9V>IABLY
PASSES "? X2 & ? CLE>LY 9DICATES T X IS
! HOMOLOGUE & RUDI;T (! SUPRA-3DYLOID
=AM5 (! L[] ANIMALS4 ,PR(4 ,TURN]
E/IMATES1 Z HE 9=MS ME1 T X O3URS 9 AB
"O P] C5T ( REC5T SKELETONS4 ,B IF !
O3A.NAL DEVELOP;T ( ? /RUCTURE 9 MAN IS1
Z SEEMS PROBA#1 DUE 6REV].N1 X IS A
RETURN 6A V ANCI5T /ATE ( ?+S1 2C 9 !
HI<] ,QUADRUMANA X IS ABS5T4
      --,) RESPECT 69H]IT.E1 SEE ,DR4
    ,/RU!RS 9 ! ,L.ET1 ,FEB4 #AE1 #AHGC1
    & ANO!R IMPORTANT PAP]1 IBID41 ,JAN4
    #BD1 #AHFC1 P4 #HC4 ,DR4 ,KNOX1 Z ,I
    AM 9=M$1 0 ! F/ ANATOMI/ :O DREW
    ATT5;N 6? PECULI> /RUCTURE 9 MAN2
    SEE 8 ,GRT ,>TI/S & ,ANATOMI/S1 P4
    #FC4 ,SEE AL AN IMPORTANT MEMOIR ON
    ? PROCESS 0,DR4 ,GRUB]1 9 ! ,BULLET9
    DE L',ACAD4 ,IMP4 DE ,/4 ,PET]SB\RG1
    TOM4 ;XII41 #AHFG1 P4 #DDH4
  ,"! IS ANO!R =AM5 OR P]=,N 9 ! HUM]US1
O3A.N,Y PRES5T 9 MAN1 : MAY 2 CALL$ !
9T]-3DYLOID4 ,? O3URS1 B N 3/ANTLY1 9
V>I\S AN?ROPOID & O!R APES1 99 &
LIKEWISE 9 _M (! L[] ANIMALS4 ,X IS
REM>KA# T ? P]=,N SEEMS 6H BE5 PRES5T 9
MAN M* M FREQU5TLY DUR+ ANCI5T "TS ?AN
REC5TLY4 ,MR4 ,BUSK 99 7#B7 HAS COLLECT$
! FOLL[+ EVID;E ON ? H1D3 ,PR(4 ,BROCA
8NOTIC$ ! P]=,N 9 F\R &A HALF P] C5T (!
>M-B"OS COLLECT$ 9 ! ,8,CIMETI]E1 DU
,SUD10' AT ,P>IS2 & 9 ! ,GROTTO (
,ORRONY1 ! 3T5TS ( : >E REF]R$ 6!
,BRONZE P]IOD1 Z _M Z EI<T HUM]I \ (
?IRTY-TWO 7 P]=AT$2 B ? EXTRAORD9>Y
PROPOR;N1 HE ?9KS1 MI<T 2 DUE 6! CAV]N
HAV+ BE5 A SORT ( ,8FAMILY VAULT40' ,AG1
,M4 ,DUPONT F.D ?IRTY P] C5T ( P]=AT$
B"OS 9 ! CAVES (! ,VALLEY (! ,LESSE1
2L;G+ 6! ,RE9DE] P]IOD2 :IL/ ,M4
,LEGUAY1 9 A SORT ( DOLM5 AT ,>G5TEUIL1
OBS]V$ TW5TY-FIVE P] C5T 6BE P]=AT$2 &
,M4 ,PRUN]-,BEY F.D TW5TY-SIX P] C5T 9 !
SAME 3DI;N 9 B"OS F ,VAUR1L4 ,NOR %D X 2
LEFT UNNOTIC$ T ,M4 ,PRUN]-,BEY /ATES T
? 3DI;N IS -MON 9 ,GUAN*E SKELETONS40 ,X
IS AN 9T]E/+ FACT T ANCI5T RACES1 9 ? &
S"EAL O!R CASES1 M FREQU5TLY PRES5T
/RUCTURES : RESEM# ^? (! L[] ANIMALS ?AN
D ! MOD]N4 ,"O *IEF CAUSE SEEMS 6BE T !
ANCI5T RACES /& "S:AT NE>] 9 ! L;G L9E (
DESC5T 6_! REMOTE ANIMAL-L PROG5ITORS4
      --,MR4 ,/4 ,GEORGE ,MIV>T1
    ,TRANSAC;NS ,PHIL4 ,SOC41 #AHFG1 P4
    #CAJ4 997#B7 8,ON ! ,CAVES (
    ,GIBRALT>10 ,TRANSAC;NS (! ,9T]N,NAL
    ,3GRESS ( ,PREHI/ORIC ,>*AEOLOGY1
    ,?IRD ,SES.N1 #AHFI1 P4 #AEI4 ,PR(4
    ,WYMAN HAS LATELY %EWN 7,F\R?
    ,ANNUAL ,REPORT1 ,P1BODY ,MUSEUM1
    #AHGA1 P4 #BJ71 T ? P]=,N IS PRES5T
    9 ?IRTY-"O P] C5T ( "S HUMAN REMA9S
    F ANCI5T M.DS 9 ! ,WE/]N ,UNIT$
    ,/ATES1 & 9 ,FLORIDA4 ,X FREQU5TLY
    O3URS 9 ! NEGRO4
  ,9 MAN1 ! OS CO3YX1 TGR ) C]TA9 O!R
V]TEBRAE "HAF 6BE DESCRIB$1 ?\< FUNC;N.S
Z A TAIL1 PLA9LY REPRES5T ? "P 9 O!R
V]TEBRATE ANIMALS4 ,AT AN E>LY EMBRYONIC
P]IOD X IS FREE1 & PROJECTS 2Y ! L[]
EXTREMITIES2 Z MAY 2 SE5 9 ! DRAW+ 7SEE
FIG4 #A7 (A HUMAN EMBRYO4 ,EV5 AF BIR? X
HAS BE5 "KN1 9 C]TA9 R>E & ANOMAL\S
CASES1 99 6=M A SMALL EXT]NAL RUDI;T (A
TAIL4 ,! OS CO3YX IS %ORT1 USU,Y 9CLUD+
ONLY F\R V]TEBRAE1 ALL AN*YLOS$ TGR3 &
^! >E 9 A RUDI;T>Y 3DI;N1 = !Y 3SI/1 )!
EXCEP;N (! BASAL "O1 (! C5TRUM AL"O4 99
7#B7 ,!Y >E FURNI%$ ) "S SMALL MUSCLES2
"O ( :1 Z ,I AM 9=M$ 0,PR(4 ,TURN]1 HAS
BE5 EXPRESSLY DESCRIB$ 0,!ILE Z A
RUDI;T>Y REPETI;N (! EXT5SOR (! TAIL1 A
MUSCLE : IS S L>GELY DEVELOP$ 9 _M
MAMMALS4
      --,QUATREFAGES HAS LATELY COLLECT$
    ! EVID;E ON ? SUBJECT4 ,REVUE DES
    ,C\RS ,SCI5TIFIQUES1 #AHFG-AHFH1 P4
    #FBE4 ,9 #AHDJ ,FLEIS*MANN EXHIBIT$
    A HUMAN FOETUS BE>+ A FREE TAIL1 :1
    Z IS N ALW ! CASE1 9CLUD$ V]TEBRAL
    BODIES2 & ? TAIL 0 CRITIC,Y EXAM9$
    0! _M ANATOMI/S PRES5T AT ! MEET+ (
    NATURALI/S AT ,]LANG5 7SEE ,M>%ALL 9
    ,NI$]L&4 ,>*IV FUR ,ZOOLOGIE1
    ,DECEMB]1 #AHGA74
      997#B7 ,[51 ,ON ! ,NATURE (
    ,LIMBS1 #AHDI1 P4 #AAD4
  ,! SP9AL CORD 9 MAN EXT5DS ONLY Z F>
D[NW>DS Z ! LA/ DORSAL OR F/ LUMB>
V]TEBRA2 B A ?R1D-L /RUCTURE 7! FILUM
T]M9ALE7 RUNS D[N ! AXIS (! SACRAL "P (!
SP9AL CANAL1 & EV5 AL;G ! BACK (!
CO3YG1L B"OS4 ,! UPP] "P ( ? FILA;T1 Z
,PR(4 ,TURN] 9=MS ME1 IS UND\BT$LY
HOMOLOG\S )! SP9AL CORD2 B ! L[] "P
APP>5TLY 3SI/S M]ELY (! PIA MAT]1 OR
VASCUL> 9VE/+ MEMBRANE4 ,EV5 9 ? CASE !
OS CO3YX MAY 2 SD 6POSSESS A VE/IGE ( S
IMPORTANT A /RUCTURE Z ! SP9AL CORD1 ?\<
NO L;G] 5CLOS$ )9 A BONY CANAL4 ,!
FOLL[+ FACT1 = : ,I AM AL 9DEBT$ 6,PR(4
,TURN]1 %EWS H[ CLOSELY ! OS CO3YX
CORRESPONDS )! TRUE TAIL 9 ! L[]
ANIMALS3 ,LUS*KA HAS REC5TLY 4COV]$ AT !
EXTREM;Y (! CO3YG1L B"OS A V PECULI>
3VOLUT$ BODY1 : IS 3T9U\S )! MI4LE
SACRAL >T]Y2 & ? 4COV]Y L$ ,KRAUSE &
,MEY] 6EXAM9E ! TAIL (A MONKEY
7,MAEACUS71 &(A CAT1 9 BO? ( : !Y F.D A
SIMIL>LY 3VOLUT$ BODY1 ?\< N AT !
EXTREM;Y4
  ,! REPRODUCTIVE SY/EM (F]S V>I\S
RUDI;T>Y /RUCTURES2 B ^! DI6] 9 "O
IMPORTANT RESPECT F ! =EGO+ CASES4 ,"H
WE >E N 3C]N$ )! VE/IGE (A "P : DOES N
2L;G 6! SPECIES 9 AN E6ICI5T /ATE1 B )A
"P E6ICI5T 9 ! "O SEX1 & REPRES5T$ 9 !
O!R 0A M]E RUDI;T4 ,N"E!.S1 ! O3URR;E (
S* RUDI;TS IS Z DI6ICULT 6EXPLA91 ON !
2LIEF (! SEP>ATE CRE,N ( EA* SPECIES1 Z
9 ! =EGO+ CASES4 ,"HAF ,I % H 6RECUR 6^!
RUDI;TS1 & % %EW T _! PRES;E G5],Y
DEP5DS M]ELY ON 9H]IT.E1 T IS1 ON "PS
ACQUIR$ 0"O SEX HAV+ BE5 "PI,Y
TRANSMITT$ 6! O!R4 ,I W 9 ? PLACE ONLY
GIVE "S 9/.ES ( S* RUDI;TS4 ,X IS WELL
"KN T 9 ! MALES ( ALL MAMMALS1 9CLUD+
MAN1 RUDI;T>Y MAMMAE EXI/4 ,^! 9 S"EAL
9/.ES H 2COME WELL DEVELOP$1 & H YIELD$
A COPI\S SUPPLY ( MILK4 ,_! ESS5TIAL
ID5T;Y 9 ! TWO SEXES IS LIKEWISE %EWN
0_! O3A.NAL SYMPA!TIC 5L>GE;T 9 BO? DUR+
AN ATTACK (! M1SLES4 ,! VESICULA
PRO/ATICA1 : HAS BE5 OBS]V$ 9 _M MALE
MAMMALS1 IS N[ UNIV]S,Y AC"KL$G$ 6BE !
HOMOLOGUE (! FEMALE UT]US1 TGR )! 3NECT$
PASSAGE4 ,X IS IMPOSSI# 6R1D ,LEUCK>T'S
A# DESCRIP;N ( ? ORGAN1 & 8 R1SON+1 )\T
ADMITT+ ! JU/;S ( 8 3CLU.N4 ,? IS
ESPECI,Y CLE> 9 ! CASE ( ^? MAMMALS 9 :
! TRUE FEMALE UT]US BIFURCATES1 = 9 !
MALES ( ^! ! VESICULA LIKEWISE
BIFURCATES4 99 ,"S O!R RUDI;T>Y
/RUCTURES 2L;G+ 6! REPRODUCTIVE SY/EM
MI<T H BE5 "H A4UC$4 99 7#B7
      --,LEUCK>T1 9 ,TODD'S ,CYCLOPAEDIA
    ( ,ANATOMY1 #AHDI-EB1 VOL4 ;IV41 P4
    #ADAE4 ,9 MAN ? ORGAN IS ONLY F ?REE
    6SIX L9ES 9 L5G?1 B1 L S _M O!R
    RUDI;T>Y "PS1 X IS V>IA# 9 DEVELOP;T
    Z WELL Z 9 O!R "*S4
      997#B7 ,SEE1 ON ? SUBJECT1 ,[51
    ,ANATOMY ( ,V]TEBRATES1 VOL4 ;III41
    PP4 #FGE1 #FGF1 #GJF4
  ,! BE>+ (! ?REE GRT CLASSES ( FACTS N[
GIV5 IS UNMISTAKEA#4 ,B X WD 2 SUP]FLU\S
FULLY 6RECAPITULATE ! L9E ( >GU;T GIV5 9
DETAIL 9 MY ,ORIG9 ( ,SPECIES4 ,!
HOMOLOGICAL 3/RUC;N (! :OLE FRAME 9 !
MEMB]S (! SAME CLASS IS 9TELLIGI#1 IF WE
ADMIT _! DESC5T F A -MON PROG5ITOR1 TGR
) _! SUBSEQU5T ADAPT,N 6DIV]SIFI$
3DI;NS4 ,ON ANY O!R VIEW1 ! SIMIL>;Y (
PATT]N 2T ! H& (A MAN OR MONKEY1 ! FOOT
(A HORSE1 ! FLIPP] (A S1L1 ! W+ (A BAT1
&C41 IS UTT]LY 9EXPLICA#4 99 ,X IS NO
SCI5TIFIC EXPLAN,N 6ASS]T T !Y H ALL BE5
=M$ ON ! SAME ID1L PLAN4 ,) RESPECT
6DEVELOP;T1 WE C CLE>LY "U/&1 ON !
PR9CIPLE ( V>I,N SUP]V5+ AT A R LATE
EMBRYONIC P]IOD1 & 2+ 9H]IT$ AT A
CORRESPOND+ P]IOD1 H[ X IS T ! EMBRYOS (
WOND];LLY DI6]5T =MS %D / RETA91 M OR
LESS P]FECTLY1 ! /RUCTURE ( _! -MON
PROG5ITOR4 ,NO O!R EXPLAN,N HAS "E BE5
GIV5 (! M>VELL\S FACT T ! EMBRYOS (A
MAN1 DOG1 S1L1 BAT1 REPTILE1 &C41 C AT
F/ H>DLY 2 4T+UI%$ F EA* O!R4 ,9 ORD]
6"U/& ! EXI/;E ( RUDI;T>Y ORGANS1 WE H
ONLY 6SUPPOSE T A =M] PROG5ITOR POSSESS$
! "PS 9 "Q 9 A P]FECT /ATE1 & T "U *ANG$
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F SIMPLE 4USE1 OR "? ! NATURAL SELEC;N (
^? 9DIVIDUALS : 7 L1/ 5CUMB]$ )A
SUP]FLU\S "P1 AID$ 0! O!R M1NS PREVI\SLY
9DICAT$4
      --,PR(4 ,BIANCONI1 9 A REC5TLY
    PUBLI%$ "W1 ILLU/RAT$ 0ADMIRA#
    5GRAV+S 7,LA ,!ORIE ,D>W9I5NE ET LA
    CRE,N DITE 9DEP5DANTE1 #AHGD71
    5D1V\RS 6%[ T HOMOLOGICAL /RUCTURES1
    9 ! ABV & O!R CASES1 C 2 FULLY
    EXPLA9$ ON ME*ANICAL PR9CIPLES1 9
    A3ORD.E ) _! USES4 ,NO "O HAS %EWN S
    WELL1 H[ ADMIRABLY S* /RUCTURES >E
    ADAPT$ = _! F9AL PURPOSE2 & ?
    ADAPT,N C1 Z ,I 2LIEVE1 2 EXPLA9$ "?
    NATURAL SELEC;N4 ,9 3SID]+ ! W+ (A
    BAT1 HE BR+S =W>D 7P4 #BAH7 :AT
    APPE>S 6ME 76USE ,AUGU/E ,-TE'S ^WS7
    A M]E METAPHYSICAL PR9CIPLE1 "NLY1 !
    PRES]V,N 8IN XS 9TEGR;Y (! MAMMALIAN
    NATURE (! ANIMAL40 ,9 ONLY A FEW
    CASES DOES HE 4CUSS RUDI;TS1 & !N
    ONLY ^? "PS : >E "PI,Y RUDI;T>Y1 S*
    Z ! LL HO(S (! PIG & OX1 : D N T\* !
    GR.D2 ^! HE %[S CLE>LY 6BE ( S]VICE
    6! ANIMAL4 ,X IS UN=TUNATE T HE DID
    N 3SID] S* CASES Z ! M9UTE TEE?1 :
    N"E CUT "? ! JAW 9 ! OX1 OR ! MAMMAE
    ( MALE QUADRUP$S1 OR ! W+S ( C]TA9
    BEETLES1 EXI/+ "U ! SOLD]$ W+-COV]S1
    OR ! VE/IGES (! PI/IL & /AM5S 9
    V>I\S FL[]S1 & _M O!R S* CASES4 ,AL?
    ,I GRTLY ADMIRE ,PR(4 ,BIANCONI'S
    "W1 YET ! 2LIEF N[ HELD 0MO/
    NATURALI/S SEEMS 6ME LEFT UN%AK51 T
    HOMOLOGICAL /RUCTURES >E 9EXPLICA#
    ON ! PR9CIPLE ( M]E ADAPT,N4
  ,?US WE C "U/& H[ X HAS -E 6PASS T MAN
& ALL O!R V]TEBRATE ANIMALS H BE5
3/RUCT$ ON ! SAME G5]AL MODEL1 :Y !Y
PASS "? ! SAME E>LY /AGES ( DEVELOP;T1 &
:Y !Y RETA9 C]TA9 RUDI;TS 9 -MON4
,3SEQU5TLY WE "\ FRANKLY 6ADMIT _!
-MUN;Y ( DESC5T3 6TAKE ANY O!R VIEW1 IS
6ADMIT T \R [N /RUCTURE1 & T ( ALL !
ANIMALS >.D U1 IS A M]E SN>E LAID 65TRAP
\R JUDG;T4 ,? 3CLU.N IS GRTLY /R5G!N$1
IF WE LOOK 6! MEMB]S (! :OLE ANIMAL
S]IES1 & 3SID] ! EVID;E DERIV$ F _!
A69ITIES OR CLASSIFIC,N1 _! GEOGRAPHICAL
4TRIBU;N & GEOLOGICAL SU3ES.N4 ,X IS
ONLY \R NATURAL PREJUDICE1 & T >ROG.E :
MADE \R =E"FS DCL T !Y 7 DESC5D$ F
DEMIGODS1 : L1DS U 6DEMUR 6? 3CLU.N4 ,B
! "T W 2F L;G -E1 :5 X W 2 ?"\ WOND];L T
NATURALI/S1 :O 7 WELL ACQUA9T$ )!
-P>ATIVE /RUCTURE & DEVELOP;T ( MAN1 &
O!R MAMMALS1 %D H 2LIEV$ T EA* 0 ! "W (A
SEP>ATE ACT ( CRE,N4